How do people usually label their physiological arousal according to Schachter's theory?

In Schachter's theory, physiological arousal is typically labeled based on the cognitions or interpretations available to individuals at the time of arousal. This theory posits that when people experience physiological changes, such as increased heart rate or sweating, they do not simply identify these sensations but instead look for cues in their environment to make sense of what they are feeling. The cognitive interpretation is essential, as individuals use context and previous experiences to label their emotions, such as interpreting excitement or anxiety based on the situation they are in.

For example, if someone feels their heart racing while walking on a tightrope, they may label that arousal as excitement due to the context of the situation. Yet, if they experienced the same physiological response while meeting an unfamiliar person, they might label it as anxiety. This highlights the cognitive process involved in understanding feelings and emotions, reinforcing the idea that it's not just the physiological arousal itself that defines how we feel, but the thoughts and beliefs we have regarding that arousal in relation to external factors or context.