What does the False Consensus effect refer to?

The False Consensus effect refers to the tendency individuals have to overestimate the extent to which their beliefs, opinions, and behaviors are shared by others. This cognitive bias leads people to assume that their own viewpoints are more widely held than they actually are. This phenomenon can contribute to social dynamics, as individuals may feel validated in their opinions based on this perceived consensus, ultimately impacting how they interact and engage with those who hold different views. This effect often arises in situations where individuals base their assumptions on their own experiences, leading them to project their beliefs onto others.

Other concepts presented, such as underestimating personal biases or viewing decisions as irrational, do not capture the central idea of the False Consensus effect, which is specifically tied to the misperception of communal belief and agreement. The assumption regarding uniformity in negative events also diverges from the essence of shared opinion and perception inherent in the False Consensus effect. Thus, option A accurately encapsulates the essence of this psychological phenomenon.