What does the term "replications" refer to in the context of scientific studies?

The term "replications" in the context of scientific studies specifically refers to repeating a study using similar methods while employing different subject populations. This process is essential in scientific research as it helps confirm the reliability and validity of the original results by testing whether the findings hold true in varied circumstances or with different groups. By changing the population, researchers can establish whether the original results are generalizable beyond the initially tested group.

This concept emphasizes the importance of reproducibility in scientific research, which is necessary for building a body of evidence that supports or refines existing theories. Replications can reveal whether findings are robust or if they were potentially influenced by specific characteristics of the original participants.

Testing the same hypothesis with a new theoretical approach focuses on the development of new frameworks rather than on validating existing findings. Conducting multiple trials of the same experiment without involving different populations does not capture the essence of replication, which aims to assess the applicability of results across various samples. Finally, verifying previous research findings through meta-analysis involves synthesizing results rather than directly repeating the studies in question. Each of these options has a distinct focus that does not align with the specific definition of replication as outlined in research contexts.