Which view of the self focuses on personal internal thoughts and actions?

The independent view of the self emphasizes the importance of personal internal thoughts and actions, showcasing a perspective that prioritizes individual identity, autonomy, and self-expression. In this view, individuals see themselves as distinct entities, capable of independent thought and action, separate from the influences of their social groups or contexts. This approach highlights personal goals, values, and traits, often reflecting a Western cultural orientation where individualism is celebrated.

Overall, this perspective promotes a focus on self-definition rooted in personal achievements and internal beliefs rather than embedded in relational or contextual factors. This distinguishes it from views that emphasize social connections and interdependence, which prioritize how individuals relate to and derive their identity from social groups.